Thursday, April 8, 2021

1789-1860 Recap

Based on our class presentations, this blog entry will highlight the material you will be responsible for with regards to any future evaluations (i.e. the Final Exam).

1789-1800 America's Formative Years or One Republic of Two Minds

After the revolution, the United States government had to deal with some serious issues which would be politically explosive. To begin with, the US suffered from a large war debt. The new government had to find a way to pay it off, but taxation imposed by the British government was a significant factor in causing the revolution in the first place. Although this government was elected by the people and had legitimacy, the war had required much sacrifice from everyone already and the prospect of the government having to create and then enforce law which called for the collection of funds from its citizenry would clearly be unpopular.

  • Study Notes Reviewing the Major Issues of the Time Period


http://www.apstudynotes.org/us-history/outlines/chapter-10-launching-the-new-ship-of-state-1789-1800/


  • Hamilton's Strategy to Pay the National Debt


http://www.historycentral.com/NN/economic/Hamiltontorescue.html


  • Alien and Sedition Acts


http://www.ushistory.org/us/19e.asp




  • The Whisky Rebellion - the first test of the federal government's authority to raise revenue and the first use of federal troops to defend the Constitution



    • 1801-1811 Outgrowing the Crib or Expansion and Isolation

    The majority of this era comes during the time of Thomas Jefferson as president. Jefferson's first term is viewed as successful, as he makes the Louisiana Purchase and sends Lewis and Clark out to chart the new territory. The land purchase opens up the continent and leads to a massive increase in trade and brought quick prosperity to the country initially.

    The Louisiana Purchase also would later be used as validation of the concept of Manifest Destiny.

    However, Jefferson's second term sees him struggle with foreign affairs and how America will navigate the conflict between England and France. The Embargo Act and Jefferson's handling of this situation is largely viewed as a failure. This combined with a downturn in the economy leads to future problems and war.


    http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h2621.html



    1812-1823 From United to Divided or Second War of Independence

    The War of 1812 defined this era. Often known as the Second War of Independence, it is seen as confirmation that America could resist a European power. Conversely, Canadians see it as confirmation that the British colonies could resist American power, as the US failed in its invasions north. More importantly, the war would be followed by the Monroe Doctrine, which would shape American foreign policy for generations.

    Also, the expansion of the country led to an uncomfortable struggle between the emerging industrial North and the agricultural South.


    • War of 1812


    http://www.shmoop.com/war-1812/summary.html


    • Effects of War of 1812 


    https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/outcomes-war-1812



    • Monroe Doctrine



    http://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=23


    • Missouri Compromise


    https://www.history.com/topics/abolotionist-movement/missouri-compromise


    • Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Missouri admitted as slave states
    • Indiana, Illinois, Maine admitted as free states



    1824-1837 The House that Jackson Built or New Politics and Old Hickory

    Andrew Jackson represented a shift in the political character of the country and a coming of age. He was the first western born President and he rose to prominance on the basis that he was a "self made man" of common sense who understood the ordinary American. He railed against the power of banking institutions and attacked his enemies fiercely as defenders of the status quo. His service in the military made him the most popular general since Washington. He enlarged the power of the presidency and strengthened the federal government to achieve his goals.


    https://thehermitage.com/learn/andrew-jackson/president/presidency/



    1838-1849 The Destiny of Expansion and Slavery or Manifest Destiny, Manifest Disunity

    Manifest Destiny was an idea popularized in the 1840's. It came about as a result of the growth of the United States and the emerging sentiment that it was the fate and natural right of Americans to own the continent. In it, there was a sense that American values of individual liberty and equality combined with faith and strong nationalism would ultimately win the day and make for a better life for all. Meanwhile, the country continued to expand -- adding Iowa, Wisconsin, Florida, and Texas. Industrialization and a flurry of new inventions continued the flood of change and raised more worries in the South over their potential loss of influence.

    Manifest Destiny

    http://www.ushistory.org/us/29.asp

    Mexican American War

    https://www.britannica.com/event/Mexican-American-War

    The Telegraph

    http://inventors.about.com/od/tstartinventions/a/telegraph.htm

    Frederick Douglass

    http://www.frederickdouglass.org/douglass_bio.html

    Trail of Tears

    http://www.nps.gov/trte/index.htm

    1848 Women's Rights Convention

    http://americanhistory.about.com/od/womenssuffrage/a/senecafalls.htm

    1849 Harriet Tubman escapes slavery

    https://www.biography.com/activist/harriet-tubman


    1850-1860 National Identity or Compromises Compromised


    This is the final decade leading up to the Civil War. It is easy to see how the sectional conflicts over expansion and the battle over slavery leads to irreconcilable differences. The South sees it as a fight for survival. The North sees it as the natural evolution of the American way of life. All are affected as push leads to shove...

    Compromise of 1850

    http://americanhistory.about.com/od/beforethewar/g/compromise1850.htm

    Dred Scott,

    http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4h2933.html

    Caning of Charles Sumner

    https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/caning-charles-sumner

    John Brown and the Harper's Ferry Raid

    http://www.wvculture.org/history/archives/jnobrown.html

    1860 Presidential Campaign

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